Precautions after transjugular intrahepatic portal vein shunt I (TIPS)

TIPS Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

Studies have shown that the postoperative death rate of TIPS is mainly related to the liver function of patients and whether they are complicated with liver cancer. Every patient is an independent individual, and there may be some differences in their nursing, but at the same time, there are certain commonality. The following nursing recommendations are largely based on the expert consensus of nursing management of patients with portal hypertension through jugular intrahepatic portal shunt:

1. Diet

Frequency of meals: It is recommended to eat less and more meals, with an interval of 3-5 hours between meals during the day and one extra meal at night. Avoid prolonged starvation. Avoid overeating.

Protein intake: The overall low protein diet, generally controlled in 20-40g/ day (20g protein is equivalent to 3 eggs, 2 two meat, 3 boxes of 250ml pure milk). The ratio of animal and plant protein is generally 1∶1, and plant protein is better. Animal protein includes lean meat, fish, eggs, milk, and soy protein is recommended as the main vegetable protein.

Staple food: easy to digest staple food, avoid food too hot, cold, hard, rough. Eat proper rice and flour products every day.

Side dishes: The overall taste of side dishes should be light, avoid spicy, less salt and less oil diet. Avoid hard foods like nuts, bones, and thorns. Can choose strawberry, kiwi and other high vitamin fruits, hard fruits can be considered into juice to drink, as far as possible to avoid eating fruit residue. Avoid celery, leek and other coarse fiber vegetables, and vegetables should be chopped and cooked.

Drink water: For the average patient, drink water within 2000 ml. It is best to adjust the amount of water according to the daily urine volume, ensuring that the amount of water is approximately equal to the volume of urine. For patients with severe ascites, water intake should be strictly controlled.

2. Daily activities

Strenuous activity, physical activity and fatigue are prohibited to prevent the occurrence of stent displacement. At the same time, it is necessary to maintain a certain amount of exercise every day, preferably with slow walking, tai chi and other exercises. Moderate activity should be accompanied by rest.